Preventing flood damage at home

Fall in the Mat-Su brings three consistent things: Elections, the Alaska State Fair, and flooding. These announcements can be unnerving for many people, and actual flooding can potentially create dangerous situations in the community. It's essential to be well-prepared and informed to ensure the safety of yourself, your loved ones, and your property.

First, know the language. There are phrases that are unfortunately often used interchangeably that have very different meanings. Let’s start with where the water goes: a floodway is where the water will flow during a flood. It can wash away homes, vehicles, sheds, appliances, etc. A floodplain, on the other hand, is where floodwater will gather and accumulate but not necessarily by moving. Homes and property will become saturated in water, but the water is flowing in a current.

Now about the announcements: a Flood Watch is the lowest level and indicates that weather forecasts for a region would be just right to raise water levels. It is not an indication of the likelihood of a flood, only that the conditions could be right if the forecasts hold. The next level, a Flood Advisory, says that ongoing weather is creating a high risk of flooding. It also does not necessarily mean that flooding is occurring but that the water will likely rise enough to be nuisance. The highest level, a Flood Warning, means that flooding is occurring and that you may be in danger.

Monitor local news, weather forecasts, and official alerts from reliable sources like the National Weather Service (NWS) or National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Utilize available resources to receive timely updates on the flood situation. Do not rely solely on social media or word of mouth as that be delayed or inaccurate. You can sign up for automatic notifications through National Weather Service, some weather apps on your phone or computer, and Nixle.

Assemble a well-stocked emergency kit that includes essential items such as shelf stable food, bottled water, first aid supplies, medications, flashlight, batteries, important documents, cash, and clothing. Having this kit ready can help sustain you during a flood or evacuation, just as it would any other disaster such as wildfire or an earthquake.

Discuss a family emergency plan with your loved ones. Know escape routes from your home, agree on meeting points, and ensure everyone knows how to contact each other in case you get separated during the flood. Have a backup plan in case cell phone networks are overwhelmed. Keep your phone fully charged in case you do need it.

If you have time, move valuable items and important documents to higher ground to prevent damage. Elevate appliances like your water heater, furnace, and electrical panel to minimize potential damage from flooding. If the first floor of your home is in the floodplain or floodway, unplug any electrical appliances or turn off breakers to those lower levels.

Water drainage is often overlooked, but that can be at your own peril. Clean your gutters, drains, and downspouts of any debris to facilitate proper water drainage. This can help prevent localized flooding around your property.

If you have hazardous materials in your home, such as chemicals or propane tanks, ensure they are securely stored or moved to a safer location to prevent potential leaks or spills during flooding.

If time allows, take preventive measures like sandbagging doorways and low-lying areas to redirect water flow away from your home. Use plastic sheeting or tarps to protect openings. Do not call the fire department to help with this, as redirecting flood water from one property to another is not in the duties or authority of a fire department. There are other agencies that may be willing to help with this, though.

Keep an eye on nearby rivers, streams, and creeks. If water levels are rising rapidly, be prepared to act. Evacuate if local authorities issue evacuation orders to ensure your safety.

It is very important to avoid flooded areas. Even shallow water can sweep away vehicles and pose serious risks to pedestrians. "Turn around, don't drown" should be your motto during flood situations, and is at the bottom of every flood announcement issued by the National Weather Service. Evacuate the area if officials recommend it – if you wait for water to get to your front door, it may be too late to drive or walk out. Grab your evacuation bag and leave in time to get out.

Check on neighbors who may require assistance, such as the elderly, disabled, or those with young children. Offer help to those who might have difficulty evacuating on their own.

Preparedness is the key to minimizing the risks of a flood at home. By staying informed, having a plan, and cooperating with local authorities you can protect the safety and well-being of yourself and your community.

Christian M. Hartley is a 40-year Alaskan resident with over 25 years of public safety experience and public service. He runs a freelance business, Big Lake Writer, from home in Big Lake that he shares with his wife of 19 years and their three teenage sons.